Which condition is characterized by excessive swelling of tissue?

• A. Turgor
• B. Edema
• C. Atrophy
• D. Hydration

Answer: (B)

The correct choice, edema, refers specifically to a medical condition where there is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues, leading to excessive swelling. This condition can occur in various parts of the body and may be caused by several factors, including injury, inflammation, or systemic conditions such as heart failure or kidney disease.

In contrast, turgor is a term commonly used in relation to the firmness of cells or tissues due to fluid pressure, often in the context of plant biology or skin assessment but does not directly refer to excessive swelling. Atrophy describes the gradual decrease in the size or wasting away of an organ or tissue, which is the opposite of swelling. Hydration refers to the process of maintaining adequate fluid balance in the body but does not denote tissue swelling. Therefore, edema accurately describes the situation of excessive swelling, making it the correct response.